Lihat sumber bagi TRAPPIST-1

{{Starbox begin
| name = TRAPPIST-1<ref name="OEC-TRAPPIST1b">{{cite web|url=http://www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com/planet/TRAPPIST-1b/|title=TRAPPIST-1b|publisher=Katalog Planet Luar Suria Bebas|access-date=2 Mei 2016|language=Inggeris|archive-date=2018-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226133752/http://www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com/planet/TRAPPIST-1b/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox image
| image = [[Fail:PIA21429 - Transit Illustration of TRAPPIST-1.jpg|250px]]
| caption = [[Gambaran pelukis]] TRAPPIST-1 dan tujuh planetnya
| credit = 
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = 
| constell = [[Timba (buruj)|Timba]]
| ra = {{RA|23|06|29.283}}<ref name="2MASS Cat">{{Cite journal|title=[[2MASS]] All Sky Catalog of point sources|last1=Cutri|first1=R. M.|last2=Skrutskie|first2=M. F.|last3=Van Dyk|first3=S.|last4=Beichman|first4=C. A.|last5=Carpenter|first5=J. M.|last6=Chester|first6=T.|last7=Cambresy|first7=L.|last8=Evans|first8=T.|last9=Fowler|first9=J.|last10=Gizis|first10=J.|last11=Howard|first11=E.|last12=Huchra|first12=J.|last13=Jarrett|first13=T.|last14=Kopan|first14=E. L.|last15=Kirkpatrick|first15=J. D.|last16=Light|first16=R. M.|last17=Marsh|first17=K. A.|last18=McCallon|first18=H.|last19=Schneider|first19=S.|last20=Stiening|first20=R.|last21=Sykes|first21=M.|last22=Weinberg|first22=M.|last23=Wheaton|first23=W. A.|last24=Wheelock|first24=S.|last25=Zacarias|first25=N.|publisher=[[Balai Cerap Selatan Eropah]] dengan data yang disediakan oleh [[Balai Cerap Astrofizik Smithsonian|SAO]]/[[NASA]] [[Sistem Data Astrofizik]]|journal=[[VizieR]] Online Data Catalog|volume=2246|date=Jun 2003|bibcode=2003yCat.2246....0C|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Katalog Seluruh Langit [[2MASS]] sumber-sumber-sumber titik}}</ref>
| dec = {{DEC|–05|02|28.59}}<ref name="2MASS Cat" />
| appmag_v = 18.80
}}
{{Starbox character
| type
| class = M8V<ref name="Solar neighborhood">{{Cite journal|title=The Solar Neighborhood. XVI. Parallaxes from CTIOPI: Final Results from the 1.5 m Telescope Program|last1=Costa|first1=E.|last2=Mendez|first2=R.A.|last3=Jao|first3=W.-C.|last4=Henry|first4=T.J.|last5=Subasavage|first5=J.P.|last6=Ianna|first6=P.A.|journal=[[The Astronomical Journal]] (Jurnal Ilmu Falak)|volume=132|pages=1234|number=3|date=4 Ogos 2006|publisher=[[Persatuan Ilmu Falak Amerika Syarikat]]|doi=10.1086/505706|bibcode=2006AJ....132.1234C|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Kawasan Suria. XVI. Paralaks dari CTIOPI: Keputusan Akhir daripada Rancangan Teleskop 1.5 m}}</ref><br />M8.2V<ref group="note">based on photometric spectral type estimation</ref>
| r-i = 2.47
| v-r = 2.33
| b-v = 
| u-b = 
| variable =
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = −56.3
| prop_mo_ra = 
| prop_mo_dec = 
| parallax = 82.58
| p_error = 
| parallax_footnote = 
| dist_ly = 39.5 ± 1.3
| dist_pc = 12.1 ± 0.4
| absmag_v = 18.4 ± 0.1
}}
{{Starbox detail
| metal = 0.04 ± 0.08
| mass = 0.08 ± 0.009
| radius = 0.114 ± 0.006
| temperature = 2550 ± 55
| luminosity_bolometric = {{nowrap|0.000525±0.000036}}<ref name="Gillon2016" />
| luminosity_visual = 0.00000373<ref name=luminosity_visual group=note />
| gravity =~&nbsp;5.227<ref group="note" name=universalgravity /><ref name="Viti'99" />
| rotation = {{nowrap|1.40 ± 0.05}} hari
| rotational_velocity = {{nowrap|6 ± 2}}
| age_gyr = > 1
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names = [[2MASS]] J23062928-0502285, <abbr title="2MASS, Incremental release point source catalog">2MASSI</abbr> J2306292-050227, <abbr title="2MASS, Canada database">2MASSW</abbr> J2306292-050227, <abbr title="2MASS UltraCool Dwarves ">2MUDC</abbr> 12171
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = 2MASS+J23062928-0502285
| NSTED = 
| ARICNS = 
}}
{{Starbox end}}

'''TRAPPIST-1''', juga dinamakan sebagai '''2MASS J23062928-0502285''',<ref>*{{cite simbad|title=2MASS J23062928-0502285}}</ref> ialah sebuah [[bintang kerdil]] [[planet kerdil ultrasejuk|ultrasejuk]]<ref name="Gillon2016" /><ref name="eso.org" /> terletak {{convert|39.5|ly|pc|abbr=off}} dari [[Matahari]] dalam buruj [[Timba (buruj)|Timba]].<ref name="NYT-20170222">{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=7 Earth-Size Planets Identified in Orbit Around a Dwarf Star |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/science/trappist-1-exoplanets-nasa.html |date=22 Februari 2017 |work=[[New York Times]] |accessdate=22 Februari 2017 |language=Inggeris |trans-title=7 Planet Bersaiz Bumi Dikenal Pasti dalam Orbit Sekitar sebuah Bintang Kerdil }}</ref>

Pada tahun 2015, para ahli falak telah menemui tiga planet bersaiz Bumi mengelilingi bintang kerdil. Satu pasukan yang diketuai oleh [[:fr:Michaël Gillon|Michaël Gillon]] di [[Universiti Liège]] di [[Belgium]] telah mengesan planet-planet itu menggunakan [[Kaedah pengesanan planet luar sistem suria#Kaedah transit|fotometri transit]] dengan Teleskop Kecil Planet Transit dan Planetisimal ("Transiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope", [[TRAPPIST]]) di [[Balai Cerap La Silla]] di [[Chile]].<ref name="Guardian">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/may/02/could-these-newly-discovered-planets-orbiting-an-ultracool-dwarf-host-life|title=Could these newly-discovered planets orbiting an ultracool dwarf host life?|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 Mei 2016|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Bolehkah planet-planet yang baru ditemui ini yang mengelilingi sebuah kerdil ultrasejuk merumahkan kehidupan?}}</ref><ref name="eso.org">{{Cite web |url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1615/ |title=Three Potentially Habitable Worlds Found Around Nearby Ultracool Dwarf Star – Currently the best place to search for life beyond the Solar System |website=Balai Cerap Selatan Eropah|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Tiga Dunia Boleh Didiami Dijumpai Sekitar Bintang Kerdil Ultrasejuk Berdekatan - Kini tempat terbaik untuk mencari kehidupan di luar Sistem Suria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a20671/three-planets-life-outside-the-solar-system/ |title=Three New Planets Are the Best Bets for Life |work=[[Popular Mechanics]] |date=2 Mei 2016 |access-date=2 Mei 2016 |language=Inggeris |trans-title=Tiga Planet Baharu Taruhan Terbaik untuk Kehidupan}}</ref> Pada 22 Februari 2017, para ahli astronomi telah mengumumkan empat [[planet luar suria]] tambahan sekitar TRAPPIST-1.<ref>{{Citation|title=TRAPPIST-1 System – Discovery of Earth-Like Planets – Check123, Video Encyclopedia|url= http://www.check123.com/videos/12207-trappist-1-system-discovery-of-earth-like-planets|language=en|accessdate= 23 Februari 2017|trans-title=Sistem TRAPPIST-1 - Penemuan Planet Seperti Bumi - Check123, Ensiklopedia Video}}</ref> Selain TRAPPIST, kerja ini telah menggunakan [[Very Large Telescope]] di [[Cerro Paranal|Paranal]] dan NASA [[Teleskop Angkasa Spitzer]], dalam kalangan yang lain dan menjadikan jumlah planet menjadi tujuh, tiga planet dikira di dalam [[zon boleh didiami]]. Yang lain juga kemungkinan boleh didiami (memiliki air cecair pada permukaannya).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://spaceref.com/astronomy/temperate-earth-sized-planets-found-in-extraordinarily-rich-planetary-system-trappist-1.html |title=Temperate Earth-Sized Planets Found in Extraordinarily Rich Planetary System TRAPPIST-1 |date=22 Februari 2017 |author= |publisher=SpaceRef |accessdate=11 Februari 2017 |language=Inggeris |trans-title=Planet-planet Bersaiz  Bumi yang Beriklim Sederhana Dijumpai dalam Sistem Planet yang Luar Biasa Kaya TRAPPIST-1 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url= https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1419/nasa-telescope-reveals-largest-batch-of-earth-size-habitable-zone-planets-around-single-star/|title= NASA telescope reveals largest batch of Earth-size, habitable-zone planets around single star |newspaper= Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System |access-date= 22 Februari 2017 |publisher= [[NASA]] |language= Inggeris |trans-title= Teleskop NASA mendedahkan kelompok terbesar planet-planet bersaiz Bumi, zon boleh didiami sekitar bintang tunggal}}</ref>

== Penemuan dan tatanama ==
Bintang yang berada di tengah sistem itu telah ditemui pada tahun 1999 ketika Two Micron All-Sky Survey ([[2MASS]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.udel.edu/udaily/2017/february/star-connection/ |title=Celestial Connection |last=Bryant |first=Tracey |date=22 Februari 2017|publisher=Universiti Delaware|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Hubungan Cakerawala}}</ref> Ia telah dimasukkan ke dalam katalog berikutnya dengan gelaran "2MASS J23062928-0502285". Nombor-nombor ini merujuk kepada [[jarak hamal]] dan [[keserongan]] kedudukan bintang di langit dan huruf "J" merujuk kepada [[Epok (astronomi)#Tahun Julian dan J2000|Epok Julian]].

=== Dalam budaya pop ===
Pada 23 Februari 2017, penemuan ini telah disambut dengan sebuah animasi [[Google Doodle]] dibuat oleh Nate Swinehart.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/science/exoplanet-discovery-celebrated-google-doodle-9901030|title=Exoplanet discovery celebrated with Google Doodle after three planets found|last=Radowitz|first=John von|date=23 Februari 2017|newspaper=mirror|access-date=23 Februari 2017|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Penemuan planet luar suria dirai dengan Google Doodle setelah tiga planet dijumpai}}</ref>

Pada 24 Februari 2017, [[Frontier Developments]], pemaju ''[[Elite: Dangerous]]'', menangguh kemas kini 2.3 mereka untuk meletakkan penemuan ke dalam permainan video atau disebut sebagai (game).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/02/elite-dangerous-2-3-expansion-adds-camera-multicrew-and-a-certain-7-exoplanets/|title=Elite: Dangerous 2.3 expansion adds camera, multicrew—and a certain 7 exoplanets|publisher=arstechnica|date=24 Februari 2017}}</ref>

== Carta data sistem planet ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ Atribut lain <ref name="Gillon2017">{{site web|url=http://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1706/eso1706a.pdf |title=Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |last1=Gillon |first1=M. |last2=Triaud |first2=A. H. M. J. |last3=Demory |first3=B.-O. |last4=Jehin |first4=E. |last5=Agol |first5=E. |last6=Deck |first6=K. M. |last7=Lederer |first7=S. M. |last8=De Wit |first8=J. |last9=Burdanov |first9=A. |last10=Ingalls |first10=J. G. |last11=Bolmont |first11=E. |last12=Leconte |first12=J. |last13=Raymond |first13=S. N. |last14=Selsis |first14=F. |last15=Turbet |first15=M. |last16=Barkaoui |first16=K. |last17=Burgasser |first17=A. |last18=Burleigh |first18=M. R. |last19=Carey |first19=S. J. |last20=Chaushev |first20=A. |last21=Copperwheat |first21=C. M. |last22=Delrez |first22=L. |last23=Fernandes |first23=C. S. |last24=Holdsworth |first24=D. L. |last25=Kotze |first25=E. J. |last26=Van Grootel |first26=V. |last27=Almleaky |first27=Y. |last28=Benkhaldoun |first28=Z. |last29=Magain |first29=P. |last30=Queloz |first30=D. |display-authors=3 |volume=542 |issue=7642 |pages=456–460 |date=February 2017 |doi=10.1038/nature21360 |bibcode=2017Natur.542..456G |arxiv=1703.01424 |pmid=28230125 |pmc=5330437}}</ref>
|-
! Companion
! Mass <br/> ([[Bumi|⊕]])<ref name="Grimm2018" /><ref name="Delrez2018"/>
! Period <ref name="Delrez2018"/>
! Suhu<br/> 
! Surface Gravity <br/> ([[Earth|⊕]])
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1b|b]]'''
| {{val|1.017|0.154|0.143}}
| {{val|1.51087637|0.00000039}}
| {{convert|391.8 ± 5.5|K|C F}} (equilibrium)<ref name="Delrez2018"/> <br> ≥{{convert|1400|K|C F}} (atmosphere)<ref name="Delrez2018"/> <br> {{convert|750-1500|K|C F}} (surface)<ref name="Grimm2018"/>
| 0.812 {{±|0.104|0.102}}<ref name="Grimm2018"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1c|c]]'''
| {{val|1.156|0.142|0.131}}
| {{val|2.42180746|0.00000091}}
|{{Convert|334.8 ± 4.7|K|C F}} (equilibrium) (for a null albedo)<ref name="Gillon2017"/>
| 0.966 {{±|0.087|0.092}}<ref name="Grimm2018"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1d|d]]'''
| {{val|0.297|0.039|0.035}}
| {{val|4.049959|±0.000078}}
|{{Convert|282.1 ± 4.0|K|C F}} (for a null albedo)<ref name="Delrez2018"/>
| 0.483 {{±|0.048|0.052}}<ref name="Grimm2018"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1e|e]]'''
| {{val|0.772|0.079|0.075}}
| {{val|6.099043|0.000015}}
| {{convert|246.1 ± 3.5|K|C F}}<ref name="Delrez2018"/>
| {{val|0.930|0.063|0.068}}<ref name="Grimm2018"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1f|f]]'''
| {{val|0.934|0.080|0.078}}
| {{val|9.205585|0.000016}}
| {{convert|219|K|C F}},  ≳{{convert|1400|K|C F}}<ref name="Itisdeadjimdead2017">{{site web|arxiv=1704.02261|last1=Quarles|first1=Billy|title=Plausible Compositions of the Seven TRAPPIST-1 Planets Using Long-term Dynamical Simulations|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=842|pages=L5|last2= Quintana|first2=Elisa V.|last3= Lopez|first3=Eric D.|last4= Schlieder|first4=Joshua E.|last5=Barclay|first5=Thomas|year=2017|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aa74bf|bibcode = 2017ApJ...842L...5Q }}</ref>
| ~0.62<ref name="Gillon2017"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" |[[TRAPPIST-1g|'''g''']]
| {{val|1.148|0.098|0.095}}
| {{val|12.354473|0.000018}}
|{{Convert|198.6 ± 3.8|K|C F}}<ref name="Gillon2017"/>
| ~1.06<ref name="Gillon2017"/>
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | '''[[TRAPPIST-1h|h]]'''
| {{val|0.331|0.056|0.049}}
| {{val|19.767953|0.000080}}
| {{convert|169|K|C F}}<ref name=Luger>{{site web|url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog/trappist-1_h/|title=Planet TRAPPIST-h|website= Exoplanet.eu|accessdate=24 April 2018}}</ref>
| ~?
|}

== Galeri ==

<gallery mode="packed" heights="170">
Fail:Artist’s impression of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system.jpg|Gambaran pelukis sistem planet TRAPPIST-1<ref>{{cite web|title=Ultracool Dwarf and the Seven Planets – Temperate Earth-sized Worlds Found in Extraordinarily Rich Planetary System|url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1706/|website=www.eso.org|accessdate=22 Februari 2017|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Kerdil Ultrasejuk dan Tujuh Planet - Dunia Bersaiz Bumi yang Beriklim Sederhana Dijumpai di Sistem Planet Kaya Luar Biasa}}</ref>
Fail:Artist's view of planets transiting red dwarf star in TRAPPIST-1 system.jpg|Pandangan pelukis bintang kerdil merah transit planet di sistem TRAPPIST-1<ref>{{cite web|title=Artist's view of planets transiting red dwarf star in TRAPPIST-1 system|url=http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo1627a/|website=www.spacetelescope.org|accessdate=21 Julai 2016|language=Inggeris|trans-title=Pandangan pelukis bintang kerdil merah transit planet di sistem TRAPPIST-1}}</ref>
Fail:Comparison between the Sun and the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1.jpg|Matahari dan TRAPPIST-1 dengan skala. Bintang malap hanya 11% daripada diameter Matahari dan lebih merah warnanya.
Fail:TRAPPIST-1 and its three planets.jpg|Gambaran pelukis pandangan tiga planet mengelilingi TRAPPIST-1
Fail:Artist’s impression of the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 from the surface of one of its planets.jpg|Gambaran pelukis pandangan dari TRAPPIST-1c
Fail:Artist’s impression of the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 from close to one of its planets.ogv|Video gambaran pelukis ini menunjukkan pandangan bayangan dari jarak dekat dengan salah satu daripada tujuh planet mengelilingi TRAPPIST-1.
Fail:PIA21422 - TRAPPIST-1 Planet Lineup, Figure 1.jpg|Konsep pelukis NASA-JPL/Caltech sistem planet TRAPPIST-1 berkemungkinan kelihatan sebegini
Fail:PIA21428 - TRAPPIST-1 Comparison to Solar System and Jovian Moons.jpg|Ssc2017-01g Sm|Perbandingan dengan sistem suria kita; ssemua tijuh planet TRAPPIST-1 boleh memuatkan ke dalam orbit Utarid.
Fail:A trip to TRAPPIST-1 and its seven planets.webm| Video ini membawa penonton dalam perjalanan ringkas dari Bumi, melepasi Bulan dan ke TRAPPIST-1.
</gallery>

==Lihat juga==
{{Commons category}}

== Nota ==
{{reflist|group=note|refs=

{{#tag:ref|Taking the absolute visual magnitude of TRAPPIST-1 <math>\scriptstyle M_{V_{\ast}}=18.4</math> and the absolute visual magnitude of the Sun <math style="vertical-align:-33%;">\scriptstyle M_{V_{\odot}}=4.83</math>, the visual luminosity can be calculated by <math>\scriptstyle \frac{L_{V_{\ast}}}{L_{V_{\odot}}}=10^{0.4\left(M_{V_{\odot}} - M_{V_{\ast}}\right)}</math>|group="note"|name=luminosity_visual}}

<ref group="note" name=universalgravity>Graviti permukaan dikira terus daripada [[Hukum kegravitian semesta Newton]], dengan rumus <math>\scriptstyle g = {\frac{GM}{j^2}}</math> iaitu ''M'' ialah jisim objek, ''j'' ialah jejari, dan ''G'' ialah [[pemalar graviti]].</ref>
}}

== Rujukan ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="Viti'99">{{Cite journal |last=Viti |first=Serena |last2=Jones |first2=Hugh R. A. |date=November 1999 |title=Gravity dependence at the bottom of the main sequence |url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1999A%26A...351.1028V |journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics]] |volume=351 |pages=1028–1035 |bibcode=1999A&A...351.1028V |access-date=6 May 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="SPACE.com">{{Cite web |last= Wall |first=Mike |url=http://www.space.com/35790-seven-earth-size-planets-trappist-1-discovery.html |title=Major Discovery! 7 Earth-Size Alien Planets Circle Nearby Star |website=space.com | date=22 February 2017}}</ref>

}}

== Bacaan lanjut ==
*{{cite web|author=Thomas Levenson|work=[[The Atlantic]]|url=http://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/05/astronomers-have-found-planets-in-the-habitable-zone/480690/|title=Astronomers Have Found Planets in the Habitable Zone of a Nearby Star|date=2 May 2016|accessdate=31 July 2016}}

== Pautan luar ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5Xr-WkW5JM NASA Briefing on the Discovery of TRAPPIST-1's 7 Planets - "NASA’s Spitzer Reveals Largest Batch of Earth-Size, Habitable-Zone Planets Around a Single Star"]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HraVXnHyRHI NASA Discovers 7 Planets Orbiting TRAPPIST 1]
* [http://www.trappist.one/ TRAPPIST-1], Planetary system Web site
* [http://www.eso.org/public/usa/videos/eso1615a/ ESOcast 83: Ultracool dwarf star with planets (video)]

{{TRAPPIST-1}}
{{Stars of Aquarius|collapsed=yes}}
{{2016 in space}}
{{2017 in space}}
{{Sky|23|06|29.383|-|05|02|28.59}}

[[Kategori:2017 in space]]
[[Kategori:2MASS objects]]
[[Kategori:Aquarius (constellation)]]
[[Kategori:M-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Kategori:Planetary systems with seven confirmed planets]]
[[Kategori:TRAPPIST-1 system| ]]